Screen time and physical activity patterns among medical students: a comparative analysis of private and public institutions

Screen time vs. physical activity in public and private medical students

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to compare academic and recreational screen time, as well as physical activity levels, among medical students enrolled in public and private institutions in Pakistan. Furthermore, it explored the association between screen exposure and physical activity patterns within this population.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at two institutes, Liaquat National Medical College and Nishtar Medical University from 10th January 2025 till 30th April 2025.

Patients and Methods: A total of 374 MBBS students, 187 from each institution from first to final year were recruited using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire .Physical activity levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 27, with Binary Logistic regression employed to examine associations.

Results: This study showed the difference in screen time between private and public institution students is statistically significant based on the study's findings (p < 0.001 for related screen time comparisons). Most (65%) exhibited low physical activity, with males, older (>20 years), and married students more active; barriers were motivation (47.9%) and academics (35.6%). Academic screen time strongly reduced physical activity (p < 0.001), recreational screen time moderately (OR = 0.385, p = 0.002). Recreational screen use impacted academic performance negatively for 59.9%, linked to burnout. Interventions are critical to curb screen time and promote activity, especially in private colleges.

Conclusions: Medical students, particularly those in private colleges exhibit excessive screen time and low physical activity levels (65%), posing significant health risks. Academic screen use was strongly linked to reduced physical activity, with key barriers including lack of motivation (47.9%) and academic pressure (35.6%). These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions, such as institutional screen-time guidelines, motivational workshops, and accessible fitness programs, to foster healthier digital habits and active lifestyles.